In Valorant there is the possibility to kill an opponent through the elements of the scenery. This is called wallbang. If obstacles are supposed to obey strict rules of calculation to know if an element totally blocks or only attenuates bullets, a Reddit user shared some interesting figures. There would be huge inconsistencies in the management of the wallbang in Riot Games' FPS.
Depending on the weapon used, you can shoot through an element of the scenery and inflict more or less damage. For example, in Ascent there is a popular spot to play Odin in the garage leading to site B. The wall isn't very thick and you can punish those who decide to unconsciously pick up the Orb.
The resistance and protection offered by the elements of the scenery generally follow the logic of real life. Steel is stronger than stone, which is itself stronger than wood, plastic or glass.
There are also theoretically impenetrable walls. They can be recognized by shooting at them, since they leave large bullet holes. When a wall has a visually smaller impact, it means that the bullet didn't crash but passed through it. We can hide and wait behind an impenetrable wall to camp safely. Except there's a bug that calls the theory into question.
In practice and after some quite revealing tests, quarkez claims that some walls aren't really impenetrable when they are supposed to be. It isn't the strength of the wall that is in question, but the hitbox and the texture of the agents.
It's possible that, by sticking a wall as much as possible, a character has a small part of his body fit into it. In this case, even if the wall is impenetrable, the agent will receive damage. The game considers that the ball goes into the wall and hits the character that is counted in that same wall.
What is even more problematic is that the game calculates the damage in an illogical way. It considers that there is no protection or resistance, so there is no deduction of damage. We can assume that Valorant developers didn't foresee this kind of bug and therefore didn't code their game accordingly.